欧洲央行管委帕内塔：欧洲央行将以“及时和适度”的方式采取行动，以防止能源冲击转变为持续性通胀。

UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said on the 28th the UN is reviewing reports that the US and Iran have reached a 60‑day memorandum of understanding. The UN expressed concern about the latest US‑Iran exchanges, urged both parties to comply with the ceasefire arrangement, and reiterated a call to restore freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz. UN Secretary‑General António Guterres has warned sustained disruption to traffic in the Strait would have serious global economic consequences and called for a toll‑free, open Strait of Hormuz.

On the 28th, Blue Origin’s New Glenn heavy-lift rocket exploded during an engine ignition test in Florida; there were no injuries. The company posted on social media that an "anomaly" occurred during the test. Elon Musk reposted the message and wrote: "Sorry to hear this, hope you recover soon."