印度政府调整电子商务外资政策以促进更大规模的出口。

Shanghai Municipal Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued measures to bolster tech finance, including deepening a bond-market "technology board." The package promotes local deployment of policy tools—private-enterprise bond risk-sharing, the national financing guarantee fund—and urges financial institutions to develop credit-risk mitigation instruments to form a central-local coordinated credit enhancement framework supporting tech-innovation bond issuance. The measures call for using Shanghai interest-subsidy programs to back eligible issuers and for product innovation, including support for tech convertible bonds and other equity-debt linked instruments.

On the 23rd, Iranian authorities citing local officials said two rescue vessels were damaged by US military strikes in waters off Hormozgan province. US Central Command said on the 22nd it had completed a round of strikes against Iran — the 12th consecutive night of strikes — which lasted five hours.