China State Planner policy research office director and spokesperson Jiang Yi said at a press briefing on the 31st that China's container multimodal transport has expanded rapidly but faces equipment-standard mismatches, fragmented documentation rules and poor last-mile rail connections into ports and industrial parks, weighing on costs and efficiency. The agency said it will vigorously promote a 'one-document, one-container, one-price' model to drive cost reductions and efficiency gains.

Trump will chair a cabinet meeting at Camp David on Friday at 11:00 a.m. ET (11:00 p.m. Beijing time).

The Russian Defence Ministry said between the evening of the 29th and early hours of the 30th Russian forces used land-, sea- and air-launched high‑precision long‑range weapons and attack drones to strike Ukrainian military airfields, defence industry sites and other targets. Moscow said its forces seized four settlements in Kharkiv, Sumy and Donetsk regions and continued strikes on Ukrainian ports and vessels serving the Ukrainian military. Ukraine's General Staff reported 238 engagements along the front in the past day, saying its air force, missile troops and artillery struck Russian forces and that Ukrainian units repelled multiple Russian assaults in the directions of Kupyansk and Pokrovsk.