A Saudi Foreign Ministry official told Saudi outlet Hadas the Mecca joint defense agreement is not related to any nuclear program or an arms race.

沙特领导的联军发言人：我们将继续采取威慑行动，打击胡塞武装的侵略行径，以确保公民安全。

At the close in Hong Kong the Hang Seng Index rose 0.54% and the Hang Seng Tech Index gained 0.78%. Market turnover was HKD 259.7 bln. Sector winners included PCB names, biopharma, gold and semiconductors; online education and optical communications underperformed. Notable moves: Nasen Technology (first trading day) +64%; 02513.HK +14%; 02126.HK +13%; 02476.HK +11%; 01888.HK +10%. Laggards: 02589.HK -5%, 00020.HK -4%, 09660.HK -3%.