Federal Reserve's Barkin said the labor market is in a weakly balanced state.

Switzerland July consumer confidence index -34.8; consensus -34.0; prior -35.8.

Nikkei reports Japan's Financial Services Agency (FSA) will study rule changes to redraw the boundary between proprietary/private trading systems (PTS) and formal exchanges as PTS gain market acceptance. PTS offer finer tick sizes and after-hours trading. Under current rules the FSA caps PTS at 10% of total trading value in Japanese stocks; venues that exceed a 10% share for six consecutive months and meet other conditions must apply for an exchange licence, which would prevent them trading Tokyo Stock Exchange-listed stocks unless issuers pursue dual listings — a largely impractical route. To avoid the licence trigger, some platforms limit activity to keep market share below 10%. The FSA expects to form a study group as early as this fiscal year to consider adjustments, including raising the 10% cap.