Kpler data published Sept 1 shows about five vessels transited the Strait of Hormuz on Aug 31, little changed from last weekend and below the roughly 14-vessel 10-day average. None were oil tankers. Four vessels were inbound; one was an empty small gas carrier and three were laden dry-bulk carriers. Vessels with AIS transponders switched off were not counted.

Reserve Bank of India's net US dollar short position rose to $136.8 billion in July, an increase of $33.5 billion, driven largely by growth in contracts longer than one year, which increased from $64.2 billion to $91.5 billion. The central bank absorbed $72.8 billion through foreign-exchange schemes, including a special deposit plan for overseas Indians. While these inflows bolster FX reserves, they create future dollar liabilities when three- to five-year deposits mature and must be repaid.

印尼政府：印尼央行将加强对银行和企业购买美元行为的监管。