Escalation of hostilities in the Middle East has disrupted crude shipments to India, forcing at least two refiners to source more expensive substitute cargoes after original deliveries failed to arrive on time. State-run Bharat Petroleum (BPCL) had four Persian Gulf cargoes due in August that were not delivered as scheduled, and Indian Oil reported adjustments to some deliveries. Sources said the sudden supply interruption prompted a surge in procurement tenders and cargo enquiries. Indian Oil’s

Poland's Prime Minister Tusk said Russia is escalating tensions across the region; Poland will continue to support Ukraine and strengthen NATO coordination to counter the Russian threat.

Ryanair cut winter capacity to limit exposure to unhedged jet fuel it warned could reach $140/barrel, saying it has hedged roughly 80% of its jet fuel needs but still needs to reduce flying. The carrier expects the cuts to save €70–100m ($81–115m). Ryanair said sustained high jet fuel would threaten the viability of some airlines and would drive substantial increases in European short‑haul fares next year. Carlyle senior adviser Jeff Currie warned weeks earlier that refined‑product markets—not crude—are the key constraint, noting refiners consume crude while end users consume gasoline, diesel and jet fuel, and those markets are in worse shape.