Japan July total household spending YoY -3.6% (consensus -1.6%; June -3.3%).

Volkswagen: Supervisory Board asked the Group Executive Board to develop an advanced decision‑making model and group structure for the Volkswagen Group.

The Ministry of Natural Resources and China Meteorological Administration issued an orange meteorological risk warning for geological hazards at 18:00 on Sept 3. From 20:00 Sept 3 to 20:00 Sept 4, meteorological risk of geological disasters is elevated (yellow warning) in parts of southern Zhejiang, eastern and southern Fujian, southern Jiangxi, southern Hunan, eastern Guangdong and southern Tibet; parts of southern Zhejiang, eastern and southern Fujian, southwest Jiangxi and southeast Hunan carry high risk (orange warning).