ASML executive vice president Frank Heemskerk said the company currently has no sales of chipmaking equipment in Europe, citing a lack of local investment and fabs. With the US, China and India heavily investing in domestic semiconductor capacity, Heemskerk warned Europe risks falling behind. He added ASML must scale production beyond the Netherlands, noting countries are competing to host the company’s expansion and urging Europe to act.

Sept 21 — The 25th China-ASEAN Economic and Trade Ministers' Meeting convened in Manila, hosted by the Philippines as ASEAN rotating chair. It was co-chaired by MOFCOM Vice Minister Yan Dong and the Philippine trade minister; ASEAN trade chiefs and the ASEAN secretary-general attended. Ministers exchanged views on global and regional economic conditions, China‑ASEAN trade cooperation and free-trade zone development, reaching broad consensus. Yan said that under leaders' strategic guidance China‑ASEAN economic ties have continued to deepen and that China's economic growth will continue to bring China Opportunity 2.0. China signalled readiness to deepen open cooperation with ASEAN, jointly counter unilateralism and protectionism, and expand cooperation on the digital economy and green trade and investment.

The Kremlin said Russian President Putin and Turkish President Erdogan discussed proposals concerning the Black Sea and held further diplomatic talks.