Federal Reserve official Musalem said a clearly articulated policy framework should include two to three possible scenarios.

At a Sept. 29 press briefing the National Climate Center said El Niño has developed rapidly and already altered this year’s flood season in east-central China, producing heavier precipitation in northern and southern belts and drier conditions in the middle, with floods outweighing drought. The event continues to strengthen and is expected to become the strongest El Niño on record around November, and will influence global and Chinese climate through this autumn–winter and into next spring–summer.

A UK government spokesman said the UK and Saudi Arabia have longstanding defence cooperation, strongly condemned Houthi militia attacks and affirmed Saudi Arabia's right to self‑defence.