Weiduo Energy Group CEO said over the past 7–10 days daily exports from the Middle East have averaged about 12 mln bpd of crude and 2 mln bpd of refined products.

French finance minister Lescure said France is far from needing ECB intervention despite a surge in yields, noting the spread on French bonds over same‑maturity German bunds has risen to its highest since the euro‑area debt crisis. Markets have debated whether the ECB might deploy its unused crisis tool, the Transmission Protection Instrument (TPI) established in 2022, but Lescure said current conditions differ from the earlier crisis—there is no widespread bank stress or market dislocation. He added the government will keep next year’s budget deficit target at 5% of GDP "non-negotiable" as part of public finance repair.

European Commission President Von der Leyen said Iran-backed Houthi forces have again targeted Saudi infrastructure, including refineries and airports, actions that continue to undermine regional stability, risk further violence and threaten global energy security. The EU stands with Saudi Arabia and Gulf partners. Regional security will be a central topic at talks with the Gulf Cooperation Council later this month.