The dollar index, which measures the U.S. dollar against six major currencies, fell 0.49% to 102.055 at the New York close. EURUSD rose to 1.1212 from 1.1153; GBPUSD to 1.3272 from 1.3181. USDJPY was 158.14 (prior 158.20); USDCHF 0.8271 (prior 0.8345); USDCAD 1.4190 (prior 1.4247); USDSEK 9.9597 (prior 10.0321).

China's R&D expenditure in 2025 reached 3.9288 tln yuan, up 8.2% YoY. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, R&D funding grew at a 10.0% annual average, outpacing the US (8.4%), South Korea (8.9%), Germany (6.2%), Japan (5.8%) and France (4.8%). China is now the world's second-largest R&D investor, behind the US and roughly 3.4x Germany and 3.5x Japan. The expanded R&D base underpins Beijing's push to accelerate development of a technology powerhouse.

Ukraine's energy ministry said Russia again struck critical energy infrastructure, causing partial power outages in parts of Kyiv city and Kyiv region.