China plans to upgrade its earthquake monitoring and early‑warning network during the 15th Five-Year Plan to detect events down to magnitude 1.0–2.5. Measures include building a three‑dimensional monitoring network; deploying dense geophysical observation arrays for deformation, fluids and electromagnetic signals in key regions; installing deep‑well stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei area to obtain higher‑precision, higher spatio‑temporal data to improve capture of seismic precursors; establi

China plans to upgrade its earthquake monitoring and early‑warning network during the 15th Five-Year Plan to detect events down to magnitude 1.0–2.5. Measures include building a three‑dimensional monitoring network; deploying dense geophysical observation arrays for deformation, fluids and electromagnetic signals in key regions; installing deep‑well stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei area to obtain higher‑precision, higher spatio‑temporal data to improve capture of seismic precursors; establishing marine seismic stations in coastal waters; increasing station density in southwest and northwest China; and integrating specialized seismic networks into the national station network.