據伊朗塔斯尼姆通訊社：伊朗駐俄羅斯大使卡澤姆·賈拉利強調，歐洲在解決伊朗與美國政府之間的中東危機的談判中沒有扮演任何角色。

德國慕尼黑機場：消防部門採取應對措施後，航班運行於當地時間晚上10點15分恢復。

Reciprocal Israeli and Iranian strikes have undermined prospects for broader regional peace and increased risk to fragile ceasefire arrangements, complicating efforts to reopen the Strait of Hormuz. President Trump is reportedly seeking a memorandum with Iran to reopen the strait, but talks remain stalled over Iran’s nuclear program and demands over access to frozen funds. Mitsubishi UFJ analysts say the escalation makes a wider peace deal harder to achieve; Saxo Bank warns durable peace is increasingly elusive and that a near-closure of the Strait would keep acute pressure on global energy markets, with major oil companies warning physical supply shortages could emerge in weeks rather than months.