路透調查：波蘭茲羅提兌歐元預計在6個月內走強1.2%至4.2500（前次預測4.2470）。捷克克朗兌歐元預計在6個月內走強0.3%至24.200（前次預測24.225）。羅馬尼亞列伊兌歐元預計在6個月內走弱0.3%至5.26（前次預測5.24）。匈牙利福林兌歐元預計在6個月內走強0.3%至355.00（前次預測358.00）。

Spanish auto manufacturers association (ANFAC) said Tesla (TSLA.O) new registrations in Spain rose 29.8% YoY in Jan–Jun; overall electric vehicle registrations rose 37.9% YoY over the same period.

Samsung Electronics' chief technology officer and head of its Semiconductor Research Institute said at an internal Device Solutions division briefing on June 30 that HBM4E reliability-test yields have risen above 70%. While the industry typically treats roughly 80% as a mature-process yield threshold, Samsung said HBM4E remains in reliability testing and the >70% level marks entry into a stable development phase. He also said Samsung's next‑generation 10nm‑class seventh‑generation DRAM process (D1d) has gained a technical edge over competitors and is scheduled to complete production readiness assessment (PRA) in November.