Peking University’s School of Integrated Circuits and the Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (Chinese Academy of Sciences) have developed the world’s first neurodynamics system chip using phase‑change memristors. The chip reduces single‑step latency to 2.12 ms and delivers 50–478x speedups versus advanced GPUs on cortical reconstruction tasks, addressing a decades‑long real‑time computing bottleneck; results were published in Science in the early hours of the 3rd.