Japan 30-year government bond (JGB) auction bid-cover ratio rose to 4.55, up from 2.94 at the June auction; demand was the strongest since May 2019.

ECB executive board member Panetta said at a Rome meeting that even if a durable US‑Iran settlement lowers energy prices below the ECB’s June forecast, the economic outlook remains fragile. He warned upside inflation risks and downside growth risks continue to coexist, calling for continuous monitoring of geopolitics, energy markets, supply chains, wages and inflation expectations and saying monetary policy should avoid committing to a preset path. Panetta added the current conflict is one of a series of increasingly frequent supply shocks that could alter policymakers’ future responses to secure 2% inflation over the medium term.

CHINA STATE PLANNER convened an inter‑ministerial meeting directing faster, stronger implementation of measures to expand and upgrade the service sector. Authorities will set industry- and region-specific development tracks, identify growth drivers for the "15th Five-Year" period, and design incremental policies with quantitative targets to enable classified, targeted support. Policy emphasis is on demand-led reforms, tech enablement and openness, improving supply–demand matching, and stepping up the removal of unreasonable standards and restrictive measures to enlarge service export capacity. Agencies were also tasked to mobilize existing stock while optimizing incremental supply, accelerate major projects, scale up high-quality operators and cultivate more "Chinese service" brands.