Castle Securities forecasts that new debt to finance AI chips will exceed $500 billion by 2028.

澳大利亞S&P/ASX200指數8月3日（週一）開盤下跌22.00點，跌幅0.25%，報8954.80點。

Bank of Korea (BoK) said on Monday it will, for the first time in 13 years, purchase domestically refined gold via OTC transactions with LS MnM, the Korea Exchange (KRX) and the Korea Securities Depository (KSD). LS MnM and Korea Zinc produce about 40–45 tonnes of gold annually, roughly 10% of which is exported; the BoK said it could use KRX trading/settlement and KSD warehousing for gold originally earmarked for export if firms request. Purchases will be arranged as pre‑negotiated block trades to limit impact on domestic gold prices, and local sourcing should reduce FX risk versus prior dollar‑denominated overseas buys; the BoK also bought a small amount of gold ETFs in Q2. BoK gold holdings were unchanged at 104.4 tonnes as of July; end‑June foreign‑exchange reserves stood at $427.36 billion, including $4.79 billion in gold.