US retail sales fell 0.6% in July on a nominal basis, the largest monthly decline in over a year, as weaker auto and online-store purchases pulled spending lower. Excluding autos and gasoline, sales declined 0.2%. The report suggests consumers lost some momentum after a strong 1H 2026; economists remain cautious after large one-off tax refunds early in 2026 and June’s personal saving rate fell to a four-year low.

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Escalating attacks have prompted Saudi Arabia to adopt a more proactive security posture in Yemen and the wider region, driven by the prospect that Houthi forces could eventually block the Bab el-Mandeb strait and threaten the Red Sea shipping lane that is an alternative to the Strait of Hormuz. Riyadh is especially sensitive after recent tensions around Hormuz, since a closure of Bab el-Mandeb would put Red Sea routes — previously a viable complement to Saudi east–west pipelines bypassing Hormuz — at direct risk. Last month Saudi Arabia announced an international coalition to protect Red Sea shipping with 13 participating countries, while deepening defence agreements with Pakistan and Turkey and increasing coordination with the United States. Saudi defence officials recently met the US vice president, and media reports say the crown prince has US backing for potential military action against the Houthis. On the ground, Riyadh has shifted tactics — intervening late last year against the UAE-backed Southern Transitional Council to help consolidate anti-Houthi forces around the Yemeni government — and analysts say Saudi policy now appears aimed at driving the Houthis off the coastline rather than attempting to retake Sanaa.