Spot gold jumped over $100 intraday to $4,487.56/oz, up 2.28%.

A survey of 30 Japanese non-financial companies shows firms are considering selling strategic shareholdings and other assets to offset the highest financing costs in a generation. Respondents also cited plans to increase overseas borrowing and to bring forward financing. Rising funding costs have begun to curb investment decisions; Toyota and Tohoku Electric say refinancing yen‑denominated bonds could raise their annual interest expense by more than 30%.

U.S. President Trump said Canada is acting with impunity.