Euro area retail sales fell 0.6% MoM in July; overall retail turnover slipped 0.4% MoM after a 0.2% rise in June. On a YoY basis retail volumes were up 0.6% in the euro area and 1.0% in the EU. The monthly decline was driven by weak non‑food sales, with Germany notably soft; motor fuel sales dropped 0.8% while food, beverages and tobacco rose 0.4%, providing partial support. Data indicate consumption is cooling but remains slightly above year‑ago levels and are unlikely to change the ECB outlook

Iranian Student News Agency (ISNA) reported a military spokesman detailed recent strikes on U.S. bases, saying the operation took about 15 minutes from the first missile and drone launches, inflicted heavy damage, and covered a broad geographic range across the Arab region from Jordan to the UAE. He said Iranian forces used Fateh ground-to-ground missiles, described as highly effective, and warned Iran will continue operations while U.S. forces remain in the area, adding that U.S. withdrawal would make the region safer.

德國下薩克森州州長：必須提升德國工廠的競爭力。