U.S. EIA refined oil output for the week to Sept. 4: 222,000 b/d; prior: -9,000 b/d.

DIHK foreign trade director Trier said ECB rate hikes, while understandable amid persistent price pressures, will be difficult for many companies to absorb and could push up corporate financing costs. He urged the German government to implement measures to stimulate investment and growth, warning, "This will particularly affect SMEs seeking to invest in new equipment, digitalisation, AI applications, energy efficiency and fundamental business-model transformation."

歐洲央行行長拉加德：對經濟韌性感到驚訝。