Fars News reports the IRGC naval commander said Iran has closed the Strait of Hormuz, placed it under intelligence monitoring and "smart control", and will strike any hostile action.

Ebury's chief FX strategist said stepped-up US Treasury repurchase operations could exert a more persistent effect on the dollar than on yields. The buybacks were not intended to fix the deficit; market concern over why the Treasury feels compelled to use unconventional intervention has itself become a source of risk premium. That undercuts the usual logic that higher yields attract capital and bolster a currency—despite rising yields the dollar has weakened as investors increasingly view the operations as a sign of fiscal and institutional strain rather than economic strength.

美國8月PPI年率 5.4%，預期5.3%，前值由4.70%修正爲4.8%。