Kuwait's Foreign Ministry said its foreign minister spoke by phone with Saudi Arabia's foreign minister to discuss regional developments and diplomatic efforts to safeguard navigation through the Strait of Hormuz.

U.S. EIA implied demand for distillate fuel oil in the week to Sept. 4: 5.2349 mln b/d, up from 5.1253 mln b/d the prior week.

Ifo Institute analysis found more than one-third of Germany's 2025 new borrowing under a defence-and-security exemption was used for non-defence purposes. Spending covered by the exemption rose from €54.6bln in 2024 to €72.2bln in 2025 (+€17.6bln), while new borrowing under the clause reached €28.6bln in 2025—implying €11.0bln (38.5%) of that new debt was not converted into additional defence and security spending. Ifo researcher Emilie Hoeslinger said the fiscal space freed in the core budget was redirected to other uses. The government has faced repeated criticism for using reform-created fiscal headroom to support routine spending.