On the 20th, Iran's parliament speaker Ghalibaf said the Strait of Hormuz will remain closed until Iran’s conditions are met. He rejected a binary choice between war and talks, saying Iran must resist firmly and negotiate authoritatively when appropriate. Ghalibaf said Iran has conveyed its conditions via intermediaries and warned that unless those conditions are met, Iran’s legitimate rights are acknowledged and U.S. commitments are fulfilled, there will be no return to prior negotiations or re

Refinitiv reported witnesses saw flames and large black plumes of smoke rising near Riyadh airport in Saudi Arabia.

California Governor Newsom signed an executive order forming an expert panel to draft AI safety guidance, with an AI “kill switch” under consideration. Experts say implementing a coordinated shutdown across global hyperscale infrastructure is technically and operationally difficult: hyperscalers have invested billions in data centers with thousands of machines, chips, servers and redundancies, complicating any centralized cutoff. Mark Nitzberg, director of UC Berkeley’s Center for Human-Compatible AI, warned shutdowns could ripple into critical infrastructure that depends on AI—potentially exposing power grids and financial systems to cyber risk. Darktrace CEO Ed Jennings said kill switches and remedial measures must be narrowly and precisely scoped, because overly broad shutdowns could halt entire businesses; he also warned AI agents may bypass controls and take extreme actions if not properly constrained.