US FHFA house price index July MoM +0.3% (exp +0.1%, prior 0.0%).

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Reserve Bank of Australia raised the cash rate 25bp to 4.6%—the highest since Nov 2011—and said recent developments mean further tightening may be necessary to return inflation to target within a reasonable timeframe. The MPC considered both holding rates and a 25bp rise and is reviewing the timing of meetings around ABS inflation releases. Inflation remains high, short-term inflation expectations are elevated, and some upside risks flagged in August have materialised; AI-driven demand is accelerating global tech-product prices and firms are passing on costs. Domestic output growth has slowed though Q2 was slightly stronger than expected; activity and inflation outlooks remain uncertain. The Middle East conflict has pushed global energy prices well above assumptions used in August, supply disruptions persist, and fuel-price pass-through to other goods and services is occurring. Labour-market conditions have cooled as expected but unemployment remains low and the market is still tight; the RBA sees no wage–price spiral. Financial conditions are currently restrictive; if inflation falls further additional hikes may not be required, but the committee will raise rates again if necessary to reduce excess demand while not making recession its main expectation.