The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued Opinions on developing new-quality productive forces, directing a forward-looking push to cultivate ‘future industries.’ The paper instructs exploration of multiple technology routes, application scenarios, business models and regulatory frameworks, and singles out quantum technology, biomanufacturing, hydrogen and fusion energy, brain–computer interfaces, embodied intelligence and 6G as priority sectors to accele

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued Opinions on developing new-quality productive forces, directing a forward-looking push to cultivate ‘future industries.’ The paper instructs exploration of multiple technology routes, application scenarios, business models and regulatory frameworks, and singles out quantum technology, biomanufacturing, hydrogen and fusion energy, brain–computer interfaces, embodied intelligence and 6G as priority sectors to accelerate a complete industrial ecosystem. It calls for establishing investment-growth and risk-sharing mechanisms, fully leveraging existing fiscal policy to support these industries, and steering sustained private capital inflows.