A poll shows opposition leader María Corina Machado leads presidential voting intentions at 52%, acting President Delcy Rodríguez at 19% and Empresas Polar CEO Lorenzo Mendoza at 8%. Mendoza has launched a plan to help found 1,000 new firms over 15 years but has not declared a presidential bid. Despite not participating in U.S.-backed government-opposition talks to restore democratic institutions, Machado holds a commanding lead. Venezuela's interim government and elements of the opposition will

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has apparently entered crisis mode to halt a rupee free-fall, reactivating tools used during the 2013 taper tantrum. In under three months the RBI pushed banks to raise about $133bn from non-resident Indians; when that programme ended in August without reversing bearish sentiment, authorities last weekend raised lenders’ FX hedging costs and ordered oil importers to source dollars domestically, bypassing market exchange rates. The more authorities defend the psychologically important 1 USD = 100 INR threshold, the greater the risk of costly over-intervention. USD/INR has traded around 95. Brent is above $100/bbl amid Middle East tensions, food-driven inflation is at a two-year high and surging US Treasury yields continue to drain EM flows, making the currency defence potentially unsustainable.

歐洲地中海地震中心（EMSC）：巴布亞新幾內亞新不列顛地區發生5.7級地震。