Cuba’s new oil and gas regulatory framework took effect Oct. 19, establishing a
legal basis to broaden domestic private-sector and foreign investor
participation in exploration, production, refining, transport, storage and
sales. Decree-Law No. 135 and implementing Decree No. 184 were published in the
Official Gazette on Oct. 12. The measures relax access rules and allow qualified
Cuban and foreign companies and individuals to engage in upstream and midstream
activities, subject to required licenses. Subsoil hydrocarbon resources remain
state-owned and the state retains priority purchase rights to oil and gas needed
for energy security.