RUSSIAN DEFENCE MINISTRY said Russian air-defence systems shot down 142 Ukrainian drones across multiple regions overnight.

Refinitiv analysis of social-media video suggests one of Russia's largest refineries, the Ryazan plant, was struck; footage shows fires in the refinery's industrial zone. Refinitiv geolocated the video against landmarks and satellite imagery but could not independently verify the timing. Ryazan regional governor said power to the city has been restored and fires at industrial facilities were brought under control or extinguished after a large-scale drone attack; he reported one injury, said drone wreckage ignited local fires, and claimed the area was hit by more than 200 drones. The refinery, about 200 km southeast of Moscow, has refining capacity of roughly 340,000 bpd and primarily supplies fuel to Moscow. The extent of damage is unclear; the plant has been targeted multiple times this year.

Hong Kong's FX reserves were $440.5 bln in October; the prior month was revised from $433.0 bln to $432.9 bln.