Turkey and Qatar signed a joint defense agreement, the Turkish Presidential Office said.

Israel's military carried out large-scale demolition operations in the southern Lebanon town of Sheyam and near Zawtar al-Gharbiyah.

The PBOC said the stock of social financing was 469.16 tln yuan at end‑October, up 7.2% YoY. RMB loans to the real economy were 279.31 tln yuan, +4.6% YoY; foreign‑currency loans, RMB‑equivalent, 1.26 tln yuan, +9.0% YoY; entrusted loans 11.53 tln yuan, +1.7% YoY; trust loans 4.49 tln yuan, -0.6% YoY; undiscounted bank acceptance bills 2.05 tln yuan, -4.4% YoY; corporate bonds outstanding 36.92 tln yuan, +9.6% YoY; government bonds 106.41 tln yuan, +14.4% YoY; domestic equity of non‑financial firms 12.77 tln yuan, +5.5% YoY.