Russia is sourcing over 90% of its sanctioned technology via China, up from
about 80% last year, underscoring rising dependence as the Ukraine war
continues. Despite EU efforts to restrict access to critical components such as
semiconductors and machinery, Russia has sustained weapons production, including
missiles and drones. China has also provided geospatial intelligence, satellite
imagery, and drones, while limiting such exports to Ukraine. The EU has
sanctioned firms aiding circumvention but remain cautious about imposing
tougher measures on Beijing due to retaliation risks. China maintains it does
not recognize international sanctions and continue normal trade with Russia.
